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Analysis of Factors Affecting Students' Grade Point Average (GPA) in Cirebon University Using Multiple Discriminant Analysis

Anna Febriana, Tantri Mariana, Kamsidin

This research explores the factors that influence student academic achievement within the context of public and private universities located in Cirebon, Indonesia. The study employs discriminant analysis as its primary analytical method, utilizing primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to students across these institutions. The central aim is to identify and analyze the key determinants that significantly affect students' academic performance.The findings of the research highlight the significant impact of intelligence quotient (IQ) and study hours on student achievement. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that gender and university type (public or private) also play a role in differentiating levels of student achievement. These results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the variables influencing academic success in the region. By employing discriminant analysis, the study effectively classifies students into distinct academic performance groups, specifically those with a GPA below 3.5 and those with a GPA of 3.5 or higher. This approach allows for the identification of factors that reliably distinguish between these groups. The outcomes of this research are intended to provide valuable insights for universities and educational stakeholders, enabling them to develop targeted strategies and support mechanisms to foster improved student outcomes and enhance the overall quality of higher education.

The Influence of Mental Health and Peer Support on Students’ Self-Efficacy in Learning

Vina Duwi Anugrah

This study investigated the influence of mental health and peer support on students' self-efficacy in learning. The research employed a quantitative correlational design involving 240 university students across Indonesia, who completed an online questionnaire measuring mental health, peer support, and self-efficacy. Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS was used to test the research model. The results revealed that both mental health and peer support significantly influenced students' self-efficacy, with peer support showing a stronger direct impact than mental health. The model explained 22.2% of the variance in self-efficacy, indicating that other factors also contributed. These findings contribute to Social Learning Theory (SLT) and broaden the understanding of student learning behavior in strengthening academic resilience in higher education.

The Validity and Reliability of Social Responsibility Among Senior High School Students

Mar'atu Nafilah, Nasya Dinda Afrilla, Charmelia Nuraini

This study aims to test the validity and reliability of social responsibility measurement instruments in secondary school students. A quantitative approach was used involving 248 students from various grade levels selected through purposive sampling techniques in several urban high schools. Data were collected using a structured Google Form-based questionnaire that was developed based on theoretical indicators of social responsibility. Content validity was evaluated by experts in educational psychology and social science, while construct validity was analyzed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The analysis results showed a factor structure consistent with the dimensions of empathy, social involvement, accountability, and ethical behavior. Reliability tests using Cronbach's alpha coefficient showed high internal consistency across dimensions (α > 0.80). These findings indicate that the instrument has good validity and reliability and can be used for diagnostic and evaluative purposes in the context of character education. This study makes a significant contribution to the development of a measurement tool for adolescent social responsibility and supports efforts to build responsible young citizens. Further research is recommended to test the instrument in different cultural contexts and educational institutions to strengthen its external validity.

ANALYSIS OF THE CONFIRMATORY FACTORS OF THE SEM MODEL ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENTIATED LEARNING, ADVERSITY INTELLIGENCE, AND PEER TUTORING IN STUDENTS

Sri Wydia Astuti, Dina Marlina, Elzsa Sariandiyanti

This study aims to test the validity and consistency of structural models involving the variables of Differentiated Learning, Adversarial Intelligence, and Peer Learning by using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approach in Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The three variables were chosen because they have an important role in increasing the effectiveness of the learning process in the student- focused era. Data were obtained from 240 respondents consisting of students in grades 4, 5, and 6 in elementary school, using a standard questionnaire that had gone through initial validity testing.

Implementasi, Persepsi, dan Tantangan Model Problem-Based Learning Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Sekolah Dasar

Aenun Nisa Nisa

The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation process, explore teachers’ perceptions, and identify challenges faced in applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in Indonesian language subjects at the elementary school level. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with seven fourth-grade teachers and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of PBL consists of several steps, such as formulating problems related to students’ daily lives, forming learning groups, providing guidance during the learning process, presenting the results of discussions, and conducting reflections. The problems used in learning are real, challenging, and relevant to students’ experiences. Teachers reported that the PBL model encourages active engagement, curiosity, and student participation during the learning process. However, there are several challenges in its implementation, such as time constraints, teachers’ unpreparedness in designing problem-based learning, variations in students’ literacy skills, and challenges in classroom management. This study provides valuable contributions to teachers and policymakers in formulating more contextual and optimal strategies for implementing PBL in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools.

Weighing cost and readiness: The role of perceived cost in shaping blockchain adoption intentions in the digital era

ahmad fadil, najwa sausan fakhriyah, itci rusti

In the past few years, blockchain technology has increasingly drawn the interest of many organizations, largely due to its potential to improve data security, transparency, and operational efficiency in managing transactions. Despite these advantages, the rate at which organizations—especially in developing countries like Indonesia—adopt blockchain remains slow. One major consideration influencing adoption is the organization's level of preparedness, often referred to as organizational readiness. This encompasses the availability of resources, the strength of technological infrastructure, and the support from management to embrace change. This research seeks to explore how organizational readiness correlates with an organization's intention to implement blockchain technology. By applying a quantitative research method using survey instruments, the study found that organizations demonstrating higher levels of readiness were more inclined to adopt blockchain systems. The outcomes provide valuable guidance for institutions aiming to undergo a sustainable digital shift, underlining the importance of evaluating internal capabilities before embracing innovative technologies.

Junior High School EFL Learners' Perceptions of What Contributes to Readability of Model Paragraph

Nadzira Robbani, Nazwa Auliyah, Yulia Nurahayu

This study investigates the features that junior high school EFL learners perceive as influencing the readability of model paragraphs. A total of 279 junior high school students participated in a questionnaire designed to explore their perceptions of what contributes to the readability of model paragraphs. Using a Likert-scale format ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree, the questionnaire focused on two main factors affecting their reading comprehension of the texts. The findings indicate that while learners are able to identify certain features that affect readability, their perceptions of these features do not significantly influence their overall understanding of the model paragraphs within the context of learning to write. Keywords: pls sem; efl; perception; contributes; readability

Implementing Problem-Based Learning and Parental Collaboration in Inclusive Education for Deaf Students

This study investigates the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and parental collaboration in enhancing inclusive education for students with hearing impairments at SLB B Beringin Bhakti. Deaf and hard-of-hearing students face unique challenges in processing auditory information, which affects their language development, cognitive abilities, and social growth. To address these challenges, educators at the school employ PBL strategies supported by visual aids and concrete learning materials, aiming to make the learning experience more accessible and practical. Additionally, parental involvement plays a crucial role in reinforcing learning beyond the classroom. Parents maintain active engagement through open, continuous communication with teachers, helping to bridge communication gaps and foster stronger emotional investment in their children's education. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through observation, document review, and in-depth interviews. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive teaching strategies combined with sustained family support in creating a more effective, inclusive, and empathetic educational environment for deaf students. This study contributes to the growing discourse on inclusive education by demonstrating how collaborative efforts between schools and families can support students with special needs more holistically.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES IN OBSERVING STORIES IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LESSONS

Dede Fauziah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V SD dalam mengamati teks naratif pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil pengamatan bahwa sebagian besar siswa masih berada pada tingkat berpikir kritis sedang, dengan keterbatasan keterampilan dalam menginterpretasi dan mengevaluasi cerita. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif digunakan, dengan pengumpulan data dari 31 siswa melalui tes terbuka yang berfokus pada interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, dan pengambilan kesimpulan, berdasarkan indikator berpikir kritis Ennis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 29% siswa menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir kritis tingkat tinggi, 55% berada pada tingkat sedang, dan 16% berada pada tingkat rendah. Siswa dalam kategori tinggi mampu menganalisis isi cerita, membuat penilaian logis, dan menarik kesimpulan reflektif, sedangkan siswa dalam kategori rendah cenderung memberikan respons tingkat permukaan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun beberapa siswa mampu melakukan analisis mendalam, sebagian besar memerlukan dukungan instruksional untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mereka, terutama dalam mengevaluasi karakter dan menghubungkan cerita dengan pengalaman pribadi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan strategi pembelajaran berbasis naratif yang meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam pendidikan dasar.

The Effect of Stress Levels and Social Support on the Risk of Depression in School Students A Study of Psychological Balance under Academic Pressure

Nazwa shofa, Haning Ditasuri, Nurzakiyah Darojah, Haning Ditasuri

Mental well-being serves as a critical factor in shaping students’ academic success and overall quality of life. Elevated academic stress combined with insufficient social support has been linked to a heightened likelihood of experiencing depression. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of academic stress and perceived social support on students’ risk of depression. A total of 300 respondents participated, comprising junior high school students from SMPN 1 Cirebon and undergraduate students from Institut Prima Bangsa Cirebon. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using survey techniques, with data analysis carried out through binary logistic regression. The constructs of stress and depression were assessed using selected items from the DASS-42 scale, while perceived social support was measured through the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The analysis revealed that academic stress significantly elevated the probability of depression, whereas greater levels of social support played a significant role in mitigating that risk. These findings highlight the necessity of implementing effective stress management strategies and fostering supportive environments within educational settings. This research offers empirical insights to the fields of psychology and education, particularly in understanding how academic stress and social support interact to influence mental health outcomes among adolescents and emerging adults.

Weighing Cost and Readiness: The Role of Perceived Cost in Shaping Blockchain Adoption Intentions and the Determinants of Bitcoin Adoption in the Digital Era

fadil, najwa sausan fakhriyah, itci rusti

In the past few years, blockchain technology has increasingly drawn the interest of many organizations, largely due to its potential to improve data security, transparency, and operational efficiency in managing transactions. Despite these advantages, the rate at which organizations—especially in developing countries like Indonesia—adopt blockchain remains slow. One major consideration influencing adoption is the organization's level of preparedness, often referred to as organizational readiness. This encompasses the availability of resources, the strength of technological infrastructure, and the support from management to embrace change. This research seeks to explore how organizational readiness correlates with an organization's intention to implement blockchain technology. By applying a quantitative research method using survey instruments, the study found that organizations demonstrating higher levels of readiness were more inclined to adopt blockchain systems. The outcomes provide valuable guidance for institutions aiming to undergo a sustainable digital shift, underlining the importance of evaluating internal capabilities before embracing innovative technologies.

Analysis of the Suitability of Flat Buildings Material in Elementary School Mathematics Textbooks for Class IV of the 2013 Curriculum and Class V of the Merdeka Curriculum: A Descriptive Qualitative Documentation Study

firly hernanda

This study aims to analyze the suitability of flat shape material in mathematics textbooks used by elementary school students in Class IV of the 2013 Curriculum and Class V of the Merdeka Curriculum. The background of this research is based on the strategic role of textbooks as the main source of learning which must be in line with the demands of the curriculum and the cognitive needs of students. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a content analysis method, which is applied to two official textbooks. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation, and data analysis refers to indicators of content, linguistic, presentation, and graphical feasibility based on national education standards. The results showed that the two textbooks had fulfilled the required eligibility aspects, but there were differences in the learning approach. Merdeka Curriculum books tend to be more adaptive by applying discovery-based learning strategies and contextual problem solving, while 2013 Curriculum books are more linear and teacher-centered. This research contributes to the development of textbooks that are more responsive to the demands of 21st century learning and serves as a reference in evaluating curriculum-based teaching materials.