Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in English Language learning: The influence of autonomy, competence, and relatedness on Elementary School students
Authors
Erista Sahara
Institut Prima Bangsa
Naila Fahira Putri
Institut Prima Bangsa
Siti Kholifah
Institut Prima Bangsa
Abstract
This study aims to examine the influence of psychological factors autonomy, competence, and relatedness on motivation and academic achievement in English language learning among elementary school students. The research employs a quantitative approach with a survey method and uses Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for data analysis. The sample consists of 240 students from three primary schools consisting of SDN Negri Karang Mulya, SDN Negri Sukasari, SDN Negri Kedungdawa grade IV, V and VI in elementary schools in Cirebon. Data were collected through a validated and reliable Likert-scale questionnaire measuring the three psychological factors, motivation, and achievement variables. Results indicate that all three factors have a significant positive effect on students' motivation and academic performance. These findings highlight the importance of considering psychological aspects in designing effective English language learning strategies for young learners to enhance their motivation and learning outcomes.