Effectiveness and Practicality of Gamification-Based VPDLS Media in Improving Digital Numeracy Skills of Elementary School Students

The development of digital learning media is essential in improving elementary school students’ digital numeracy skills. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and practicality of gamification-based VPDLS media in supporting digital numeracy learning. A descriptive quantitative approach with comparative analysis was employed. The research involved 343 elementary school students from eight schools. Data were collected using a digital numeracy essay test and a media practicality questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model. Instrument validity and reliability were analyzed using SmartPLS, while descriptive statistics and ANOVA were conducted using SPSS. The results showed that the VPDLS media demonstrated high practicality, with students perceiving it as easy to use, practical, and comfortable for learning. Students’ digital numeracy scores also showed relatively high achievement, with significant differences among schools. The ANOVA results confirmed that both media practicality and digital numeracy achievement varied significantly across learning contexts. These findings indicate that gamification-based VPDLS media is effective in enhancing student engagement and supporting numeracy learning outcomes. In addition, the high practicality level contributes to students’ acceptance and consistent use of digital learning media. This study provides empirical evidence that integrating gamification into digital learning platforms can improve the quality of numeracy instruction in elementary schools. The results are expected to support teachers and educational practitioners in designing effective and user-friendly digital learning media. This study provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of gamification-based VPDLS media in improving digital numeracy at the elementary school level.