The Effect of Stress Levels and Social Support on the Risk of Depression in School Students A Study of Psychological Balance under Academic Pressure

Mental well-being serves as a critical factor in shaping students’ academic success and overall quality of life. Elevated academic stress combined with insufficient social support has been linked to a heightened likelihood of experiencing depression. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of academic stress and perceived social support on students’ risk of depression. A total of 300 respondents participated, comprising junior high school students from SMPN 1 Cirebon and undergraduate students from Institut Prima Bangsa Cirebon. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using survey techniques, with data analysis carried out through binary logistic regression. The constructs of stress and depression were assessed using selected items from the DASS-42 scale, while perceived social support was measured through the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The analysis revealed that academic stress significantly elevated the probability of depression, whereas greater levels of social support played a significant role in mitigating that risk. These findings highlight the necessity of implementing effective stress management strategies and fostering supportive environments within educational settings. This research offers empirical insights to the fields of psychology and education, particularly in understanding how academic stress and social support interact to influence mental health outcomes among adolescents and emerging adults.