ANALYZING STUDENTS' DIFFICULTIES IN PROBLEM-SOLVING WITHIN SOCIAL STUDIES AT SDN 2 TEGAL WANGI

This study explores the challenges faced by elementary students in developing problem-solving skills in social science studies (IPS). Utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research was conducted at SDN 2 Tegal Wangi through classroom observations, interviews with Grade 4 teachers, and analysis of instructional documents. Findings indicate that traditional teaching methods prevail, with limited implementation of contextual and thematic learning strategies, despite the adoption of the Merdeka Curriculum. Students are seldom encouraged to engage in higher-order thinking, and real-world social issues are rarely integrated into lessons. External factors such as low parental involvement, limited educational media, and underutilization of local cultural values as learning resources further impede students' ability to effectively address social problems. The study underscores the discrepancy between curriculum objectives and classroom practices, emphasizing the need for student-centered and problem-based learning approaches to enhance critical thinking, social awareness, and collaborative skills in line with 21st-century educational standards.