Exploratory Factor Analysis of Social Responsibility, Community Engagement and Volunteer Motivation

This study aims to examine in depth the structure of the three main constructs, namely social responsibility, community involvement, and motivation to volunteer in middle school students. The study applied a quantitative approach to the survey method, using a questionnaire based on a four-point Likert scale, ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (4). The instrument was disseminated online through the Google Forms platform and managed to obtain data from 248 students as respondents. The data analysis technique used is Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), which aims to uncover the latent dimensional structure that underlies each construct. The results of the analysis show that each construct consists of several factors that are conceptually independent but related. The EFA's findings support the structural validity of the instruments used and demonstrate adequate internal reliability. These results make a significant empirical contribution to underpinning the development of advanced instruments and designing more effective interventions in increasing social participation and volunteer motivation among students.